- CONVR 2023 - Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality
- Edited by Pietro Capone, Vito Getuli, Farzad Pour Rahimian, Nashwan Dawood, Alessandro Bruttini, Tommaso Sorbi
Fire Safety Engineering: The Computational Simulation of the Escape in a Historic Building in Bologna
- Stefano Tagliatti
- Marco Alvise Bragadin
- © 2023 Author(s) |
- CC BY-NC 4.0
- DOI: 10.36253/979-12-215-0289-3.112
In the field of Fire Safety Engineering (FSE), virtual reality has increasingly assumed an important role, especially for the simulation of fire and escape. The present work aims at comparing the potential of virtual simulations of the escape of occupants in case of emergency to simulations based on traditional calculations. Above all, the goal is to highlight the greater adherence to reality of the simulations that use behavioural models compared to those that use hydraulic models. Simulations are performed for the case study of a listed historic tower in Bologna city centre and calculate the Required Safe Escape Time (RSET) in various evacuation scenarios using the innovative Pathfinder® software which, in addition to using flow-based models, is "agent-based", as it manages the variables related to behavioural factors and can model complex escape scenarios faster than hand-made calculation. Case study results show that RSET times calculated with the behavioural steering mode in the virtual environment are 15-19% higher than the hydraulic mode (SFPE) and therefore demonstrate that the Steering mode is more realistic, as human behaviour significantly influences the evacuation process. Anyway, all the realistic simulations return safety margin times above 100% of the RSET as asked by national law, highlighting that it is possible to guarantee the safety of the occupants in a particular historical building using innovative Fire Safety Engineering (FSE) approaches, even if the prescriptive rules are not respected
- Keywords:
- FSE,
- Virtual reality,
- Emergency Escape,
- ASET/RSET,
University of Bologna, Italy
University of Bologna, Italy - ORCID: 0000-0002-8537-8103
- Kuligoswski, E., Peacock, R. D., Hoskins, B. L. (2010). A review of building Evacuation Models, 2nd Edition. NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology, Technical Note 1680. Retrieved July 28, 2023, from https://www.nist.gov/publications/review-building-evacuation-models-2nd-edition
- Reynolds, C. W. (1999). Steering Behaviors for Autonomous Characters. Retrieved July 28, 2023, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/2495826_Steering_Behaviors_For_Autonomous_Characters
- Society of Fire Protection Engineers (SFPE). (2016). SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering. 5th Edition, ISBN: 978-1-4939-2564-3
- Society of Fire Protection Engineers (SFPE). (2019), SFPE Engineering Guide: Human Behavior in Fire. 2nd Edition, ISBN: 978-3-319-94696-2
- Thunderhead Engineering. Pathfinder User Manual – Version:2022-3. Retrieved July 28, 2023, from https://teci.imgix.net/support/documents/pathfinder-user-manual-2022-3.pdf.
- Thunderhead Engineering. Pathfinder Technical Reference Manual – Version:2022-3. Retrieved July 28, 2023, from https://teci.imgix.net/support/documents/pathfinder-technical-reference-manual-2022-3.pdf.
- Thunderhead Engineering. Pathfinder Results User Manual – Version:2022-3. Retrieved July 28, 2023, from https://teci.imgix.net/support/documents/pathfinder-results-user-manual-2022-3.pdf.
- International Organization for Standardization. (1999). Fire safety engineering - Part 1: Application of fire performance concepts to design objectives, (ISO/TR 13387-1:1999).
- International Organization for Standardization. (2009). Fire-safety engineering - Technical information on methods for evaluating behaviour and movement of people, (ISO/TR 16738:2009).
- Decreto del Ministero dell’Interno 3 agosto 2015. Approvazione di norme tecniche di prevenzione incendi, ai sensi dell'arti-colo 15 del decreto legislativo 8 marzo 2006, n. 139. [ed. Nuovo Codice di Prevenzione Incendi] (2015, 20 August) (Italy), Supplemento ordinario n. 51 alla Gazzetta Ufficiale (192). Retrieved July 28, 2023, from https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/gu/2015/08/20/192/so/51/sg/pdf
- Decreto del Ministero dell’Interno 18 ottobre 2019. Modifiche all'allegato 1 al decreto del Ministro dell'interno 3 agosto 2015, recante «Approvazione di norme tecniche di prevenzione incendi, ai sensi dell'articolo 15 del decreto legislativo 8 marzo 2006, n. 139» [ed. Nuovo Codice di Prevenzione Incendi] (2019, 31 October) (Italy) Supplemento ordinario n. 41 alla Gazzetta Ufficiale (256). Retrieved July 28, 2023, from https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/gu/2019/10/31/256/so/41/sg/pdf
- Decreto del Ministero dell’Interno 10 luglio 2020. Norme tecniche di prevenzione incendi per gli edifici sottoposti a tutela ai sensi del decreto legislativo 22 gennaio 2004, n.42, aperti al pubblico, destinati a contenere musei, gallerie, esposizioni, mostre, biblioteche e archivi, ai sensi dell’articolo 15 del decreto legislativo 8 marzo 2006, n.139. [ed. RTV10] (2020, 22 July) (Italy) Gazzetta Ufficiale (183). Retrieved July 28, 2023, from https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/gu/2020/07/22/183/sg/pdf
- Decreto del Ministero dell’Interno 14 ottobre 2021. Approvazione di norme tecniche di prevenzione incendi per gli edifici sottoposti a tutela ai sensi del decreto legislativo 22 gennaio 2004, n.42, aperti al pubblico, contenenti una o più attività ricomprese nell’allegato I al decreto del Presidente della Repubblica 1°agosto 2011, n.151, ivi individuate con il numero 72, ad esclusione di musei, gallerie, esposizioni, mostre, biblioteche e archivi, ai sensi dell’articolo 15 del decreto legislativo 8 marzo 2006, n.139. [ed. RTV12] (2021, 25 October) (Italy) Gazzetta Ufficiale (255). Retrieved July 28, 2023, from https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/gu/2021/10/25/255/sg/pdf
Chapter Information
Chapter Title
Fire Safety Engineering: The Computational Simulation of the Escape in a Historic Building in Bologna
Authors
Stefano Tagliatti, Marco Alvise Bragadin
DOI
10.36253/979-12-215-0289-3.112
Peer Reviewed
Publication Year
2023
Copyright Information
© 2023 Author(s)
Content License
Metadata License
Bibliographic Information
Book Title
CONVR 2023 - Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality
Book Subtitle
Managing the Digital Transformation of Construction Industry
Editors
Pietro Capone, Vito Getuli, Farzad Pour Rahimian, Nashwan Dawood, Alessandro Bruttini, Tommaso Sorbi
Peer Reviewed
Publication Year
2023
Copyright Information
© 2023 Author(s)
Content License
Metadata License
Publisher Name
Firenze University Press
DOI
10.36253/979-12-215-0289-3
eISBN (pdf)
979-12-215-0289-3
eISBN (xml)
979-12-215-0257-2
Series Title
Proceedings e report
Series ISSN
2704-601X
Series E-ISSN
2704-5846