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Shaping Gods: from Göbekli Tepe to Kaneš, Ḫattuša, and Beyond

  • Alfonso Archi

The spectacular finds at Göbekli Tepe and Nevali Çorı: monolithic pillars representing stylized humans decorated with a large variety of animals, are the representation of an animist cosmos, in which animals and plants being may appear as persons, capable of will. Çatal Höyük represents a stage in which gods started to be shaped: the bull represented the Storm-god (a concept which reached the Classical period), the stag the god of the wild fauna, and female figurines symbolized the Mother-goddess. In Egypt, where gods where usually represented by animals, zoomorphism presents a continuity which ended only with the introduction of Christianity. The archaeological finds from Kaneš and the Hittite texts document an extraordinary continuity: each deity was represented by an animal, portraited in the vessel with which the celebrant (the royal couple or also a priest) reached a kind of communion with the god in drinking of the same wine and eating of the same bread.

  • Keywords:
  • Animism,
  • Göbekli Tepe,
  • Hittite zoomoprhism,
  • meal ritual,
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Alfonso Archi

University of Rome, Italy - ORCID: 0000-0002-7194-7272

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Chapter Information

Chapter Title

Shaping Gods: from Göbekli Tepe to Kaneš, Ḫattuša, and Beyond

Authors

Alfonso Archi

Language

English

DOI

10.36253/979-12-215-0109-4.07

Peer Reviewed

Publication Year

2023

Copyright Information

© 2023 Author(s)

Content License

CC BY 4.0

Metadata License

CC0 1.0

Bibliographic Information

Book Title

Theonyms, Panthea and Syncretisms in Hittite Anatolia and Northern Syria

Book Subtitle

Proceedings of the TeAI Workshop Held in Verona, March 25-26, 2022

Editors

Livio Warbinek, Federico Giusfredi

Peer Reviewed

Number of Pages

194

Publication Year

2023

Copyright Information

© 2023 Author(s)

Content License

CC BY 4.0

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CC0 1.0

Publisher Name

Firenze University Press

DOI

10.36253/979-12-215-0109-4

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979-12-215-0108-7

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979-12-215-0109-4

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Studia Asiana

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1974-7837

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2612-808X

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