According to Jacques Rancière, in The Origins of Totalitarianism Hannah Arendt endorses the burkean polemical statement against the French Revolution and the Rights of Man. Thus, in her work, the Rights of Man appear more as more as the rights of the victims - and not as the rights of political subjects. Starting from her invention of "the right to have rights" and from Etienne Balibar's philosophical considerations on extreme violence and political subjectivity, however, Arendt's position does not appear at odds with Rancière's concerns: the purpose of Arendt's celebrated formula of "the rights to have rights" is not to contemplate the annihilation of the "rightless", but rather to stress the relevance of social relationships for political subjectivization.