Contained in:
  • Florentia
  • Edited by Michele Nucciotti, Elisa Pruno
Book Chapter

Una probabile riproduzione omayyade del Santo Sepolcro di Gerusalemme

  • Maria Vittoria Fontana

The Jordan Archaeological Museum in ʿAmman houses an Islamic copper alloy incense burner, which can be dated to the late 7th or early 8th century according to its discovery (in the late 1940s) in an Umayyad dwelling in the ʿAmman Citadel in Jordan. It is one of the earliest Islamic examples of a metal incense burner in an architectural form, namely a shape that spread widely later in the Seljuk Iranian area. The hypothesis is put forward here that it is a rare Islamic 'reproduction' of the Anastasis rotunda of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem before its destruction in 1009 by the Fatimid al-Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāh. An intended use is suggested as a “votive” object of Islamic (or even Christian?) manufacture intended for a Christian user in the eclectic milieu of the bilād al-shām of the Umayyad period.

  • Keywords:
  • Copper alloy incense burner,
  • Umayyad,
  • ʿAmman,
  • Jerusalem,
  • Holy Sepulchre,
+ Show More

Maria Vittoria Fontana

Sapienza University of Rome, Italy - ORCID: 0000-0002-2977-9842

  1. Allan J.W. 1986, Metalwork of the Islamic world: The Aron Collection, Sotheby’s Publications, London. Antiochus 1960, La prise de Jérusalem par les Perses en 614 (Corpus Scriptorum christianorum orientalium 202 – Scriptores Iberici 11-12), éd. G. Garitte [testo georgiano e traduzione latina], 2 voll., Secrétariat du CSCO, Louvain.
  2. Antiochus 1960, La prise de Jérusalem par les Perses en 614 (Corpus Scriptorum christianorum orientalium 202 – Scriptores Iberici 11-12), éd. G. Garitte [testo georgiano e traduzione latina], 2 voll., Secrétariat du CSCO, Louvain.
  3. Avni G. 2010, The Persian conquest of Jerusalem (614 C.E.): An archaeological assessment, «Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research», 357, pp. 35-48.
  4. Avni G., Seligman J. 2003, Between the Temple Mount/Haram el-Sharīf and the Holy Sepulchre: Archaeological involvement in Jerusalem’s Holy Places, «Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology», 19/2, pp. 259-288. DOI: 10.1484/J.RB.5.100561
  5. Baer E. 1983, Metalwork in medieval Islamic art, State University of New York Press, Albany.
  6. Ballian A. 2012, Censer with a ram’s head handle, in H.C. Evans, B. Ratliff (eds.), Byzantium and Islam: Age of transition 7th-9th century (The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, March 14-July 8, 2012), The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, pp. 218-219.
  7. Beghelli M., Pinar Gil J. 2019, Cast bronze vessels in the 6th-9th centuries: Remarks on an assemblage of liturgical implements found at Morbello (prov. Alessandria. Piedmont/1), «Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt», 49, pp. 275-295.
  8. Biddle M. 1999, The tomb of Christ, Sutton publishing, Phoenix Mill.
  9. Bittar Th., Charritat M. 1986, Encensoir, in La voie royale : 9000 ans d’art au royaume de Jordanie (Musée du Luxembourg, 26 novembre 1986-25 janvier 1987), Association Française d’Action Artistique, [Paris], p. 276.
  10. Bittar Th., Charritat M. 1987, Räuchergefäß, in Der Königs Weg: 9000 Jahre Kunst und Kultur in Jordanien (Köln, Schallaburg, München, 3. Oktober 1987-Winter 1988/1989), von Zabern, Mainz am Rhein, p. 358.
  11. Bujard J., Schweizer F.1992, Entre Byzance et l’Islam : Umm er-Rasas et Umm el-Walid. Fouilles genevoises en Jordanie (Musée d’art et d’histoire, Genève, du 7 octobre 1992 au 21 février 1993), Musée d’art et d’histoire – Fondation Max van Berchem, Genève.
  12. Conant K.J. 1956, The original buildings at the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, «Speculum», 31/1, pp. 1-48. DOI: 10.2307/27805159
  13. Corbo V.C. 1981-1982, Il Santo Sepolcro di Gerusalemme. Aspetti archeologici dalle origini al periodo crociato (Collectio Maior 29), 3 voll., Franciscan printing press, Jerusalem.
  14. Coüasnon Ch. 1974, The Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem (The Schweich Lectures of the British Academy 1972), The Oxford University Press for the British Academy, London.
  15. David M. 2000, Il Santo Sepolcro di Gerusalemme. Genesi e metamorfosi di un modello, in R. Cassanelli (ed.), Il Mediterraneo e l’arte nel Medioevo, Jaca Book, Milano, pp. 85-93.
  16. de Palol Salellas P. 1950, Los incensarios de Aubenya (Mallorca) y Lladó (Gerona), «Ampurias», 12, pp. 1-19.
  17. de Vogüé M. 1860, Les églises de la Terre Sainte, V. Didron, Paris.
  18. Drandaki A. 2012, Lid of an incense burner, in H.C. Evans, B. Ratliff (eds.), Byzantium and Islam: Age of transition 7th-9th century (The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, March 14-July 8, 2012), The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, p. 152.
  19. Duckworth H.Th.F. 1922, The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Hodder and Stoughton, London.
  20. Filipová A. 2014, The memory of Monza’s Holy Land ampullae; from reliquary to relic, or there and back again, in A. Filipová, Z. Frantová, F. Lovino (eds.), Objects of Memory, Memory of Objects. The Artworks as a Vehicle of the Past in the Middle Ages, Masarykova Univerzita, Brno, pp. 10-25.
  21. Fricke B. 2014, Tales from stones, travels through time: Narrative and vision in the casket from the Vatican, «West 86th: A Journal of Decorative Arts, Design History, and Material Culture», 21/2, pp. 230-250.
  22. Fricke B. 2014, Tales from stones, travels through time: Narrative and vision in the casket from the Vatican, «West 86th: A Journal of Decorative Arts, Design History, and Material Culture», 21/2, pp. 230-250.
  23. Gil M. 1996, The political history of Jerusalem during the early Muslim period, in J. Prawer, H. Ben-Shammai (eds.), The History of Jerusalem. The Early Muslim Period, 638-1099, Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi: Jerusalem – New York University Press: New York, pp. 1-37.
  24. Gorman M.M. 2006, Adomnan’s De locis sanctis: The diagrams and the sources, «Revue bénédictine», 116/1, pp. 541.
  25. Grabar A. 1958, Ampoules de Terre Sainte (Monza - Bobbio), Librairie C. Klincksieck, Paris.
  26. Graves M.S. 2018, Arts of allusion: Object, ornament, and architecture in medieval Islam, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
  27. Grisar H. 1899, Analecta romana: dissertazioni, testi, monumenti dell’arte riguardanti principalmente la storia di Roma e dei Papi nel medio evo, volume primo, Libreria cattolica internazionale Desclée Lefebvre e C.i, Roma.
  28. Haldimann M.A. 1992, Les implantations omeyyades dans la Balqa : l’apport d’Umm-el-Walid, «Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan», 36, pp. 307-323.
  29. Harding G.L. 1951, Excavations on the Citadel, Amman, «Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan», 1, pp. 7-16.
  30. Lauri L. 2018, La presa di Gerusalemme del 614 d.C. e l’occupazione sassanide in Palestina, Tesi di dottorato, Università degli Studi di Padova – École Pratique des Hautes Études, Padova, <http://paduaresearch.cab.unipd.it/11271/1/Luigi_Lauri_tesi.pdf> (12/21).
  31. Le Maguer S. , 2016, Une archéologie des odeurs : identifier les encens et leurs usages au Proche et Moyen-Orient (VIIIe-XIIe siècles), «Bulletin d’études orientales», 64, pp. 135-158.
  32. Le Maguer S. 2015, The incense trade during the Islamic period, «Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies», 45, pp. 175-183.
  33. Luchterhandt M. 2017, The popes and the loca sancta of Jerusalem: Relic practice and relic diplomacy in the Eastern Mediterranean after the Muslim Conquest, in R. Bartal, N. Bodner, B. Kühnel (eds.), Natural materials of the Holy Land and the visual translation of place, 500-1500, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London-New York, pp. 36-63. DOI: 10.1086/679984
  34. Naghawy A. 2021, Incense burner, in Discover Islamic Art, Museum With No Frontiers, <http://islamicart.museumwnf.org/database_item.php?id=object;ISL;jo;Mus01;9;en> (12/21).
  35. O’Neill P.P. 2017, Imag(in)ing the holy places: A comparison between the diagrams in Adomnán’s and Bede’s De locis sanctis, «The Journal of Literary Onomastics», 6/1, pp. 42-60.
  36. Panzanini M. 1999, Le reliquie dei pellegrini. Le ampolle metalliche conservate a Monza e a Bobbio, «Divus Thomas», 102/2, pp. 173-198.
  37. Peeters P.P. 1923, La prise de Jérusalem par les Perses, «Mélanges de l’Université Saint-Joseph», 9, pp. 1-42.
  38. Pizzorusso G. 2016, Quaresmi, Francesco, in Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, vol. 85, Istituto dell’Enciclopedia Italiana, Roma, pp. 801-804. DOI: 10.1558//jmea.2006.v19i2.259
  39. Raby, J. 1999, In Vitro Veritas. Glass pilgrim vessels from 7th-century Jerusalem, in J. Johns (ed.), Bayt al-Msqdis: Jerusalem and early Islam (Oxford studies in Islamic art IX/2), Oxford University Press for the board of Faculty of Oriental Studies, Oxford, pp. 113-190.
  40. Rosen-Ayalon M. 1985, The facade of the Holy Sepulchre, «Rivista degli studi orientali», 59/1-4, pp. 289-296.
  41. Schick R. 1995, The Christian communities of Palestine from Byzantine to Islamic Rule: A historical and archaeological study (Studies in Late Antiquity and Early Islam 2), Darwin, Princeton.
  42. Stoyanov Y. 2011, Archaeology versus written sources: The case of the Persian conquest of Jerusalem in 614, «Acta Musei Varnaensis», 8/1, pp. 351-358.
  43. Tiberia V. 2003, Il mosaico di Santa Pudenziana a Roma: il restauro, Ediart, Todi.
  44. van den Gheyn J., 1905, Catalogue des manuscrits de la Bibliothèque Royale de Belgique, V. Histoire - Hagiographie, Henri Lamertin Libraire-Editeur, Bruxelles.
  45. Weitzmann K. 1974, “Loca Sancta” and the Representational Arts of Palestine, «Dumbarton Oaks Papers», 28, pp. 31-55.
  46. Wilkinson J. 2000, Jerusalem pilgrims before the Crusades, Ariel Publishing House, Jerusalem. DOI: 10.1086/679984
  47. Zayadine F. 1995, Cosmetic techniques: A historical and botanical approach, in K. ʿAmr, M. Zaghloul (a cura di), Studies in the History and Archaeology of Jordan, vol. 5, Department of Antiquities, Amman, pp. 67-75.
PDF
  • Publication Year: 2024
  • Pages: 283-296
  • Content License: CC BY 4.0
  • © 2024 Author(s)

XML
  • Publication Year: 2024
  • Content License: CC BY 4.0
  • © 2024 Author(s)

Chapter Information

Chapter Title

Una probabile riproduzione omayyade del Santo Sepolcro di Gerusalemme

Authors

Maria Vittoria Fontana

Language

Italian

DOI

10.36253/979-12-215-0376-0.21

Peer Reviewed

Publication Year

2024

Copyright Information

© 2024 Author(s)

Content License

CC BY 4.0

Metadata License

CC0 1.0

Bibliographic Information

Book Title

Florentia

Book Subtitle

Studi di archeologia: vol. 5 - Numero speciale - Studi in onore di Guido Vannini

Editors

Michele Nucciotti, Elisa Pruno

Peer Reviewed

Number of Pages

596

Publication Year

2024

Copyright Information

© 2024 Author(s)

Content License

CC BY 4.0

Metadata License

CC0 1.0

Publisher Name

Firenze University Press

DOI

10.36253/979-12-215-0376-0

ISBN Print

979-12-215-0375-3

eISBN (pdf)

979-12-215-0376-0

Series Title

Strumenti per la didattica e la ricerca

Series ISSN

2704-6249

Series E-ISSN

2704-5870

21

Fulltext
downloads

41

Views

Export Citation

1,361

Open Access Books

in the Catalogue

2,368

Book Chapters

3,870,371

Fulltext
downloads

4,536

Authors

from 942 Research Institutions

of 66 Nations

67

scientific boards

from 357 Research Institutions

of 43 Nations

1,249

Referees

from 381 Research Institutions

of 38 Nations